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Is Needed The Protection of the Ecological Reserve Mico Quemado
• El Progreso environs and depend on this mountain for their water supply • For your protection and management plan will need 65 million The area of the Reserve Zone on the western slopes of the Mount of Mico Quemado, with a land area of 28,500 hectares is located in the jurisdiction of the municipality of El Progreso, Santa Rita and El Negrito, Department of Yoro. Flora of Mico Quemado
According to the Management Plan, five plant formations are present in the area of the reserve: forest, Forest Board, coniferous forest, scrub and grassland. In these five vegetation formations found a total of 60 families and 112 species of plants Distributed in grasses, shrubs and trees. The forest completely covers the core area of the reserve zone, in addition to extensive areas of the buffer zone. This plant community is characterized by being made up of dense trees with an average height of 25 -- 40 meters tall with straight trunks and thick, smooth and branched usually at high altitude and strong, with prawns highly developed in some epiphytic stronger individuals there, the trees are covered by bromeliads, orchids, Araceae, ferns and mosses, presence of tree ferns and palms together with the regeneration that form the understory.
The Joint Forest is located at lower altitudes and usually surrounding the core area, it houses the Pinus pseudostrobus mixed with Liquidambar styraciflua, and in the lowland areas is associated with peduncularis Quercus (oak), Quercus oleoides (Encino) , And other shrub species such as Mimosa Bush albida and Aceráceas. This forest has been hardest hit by agricultural activities and exploitation of wood, creating a negative impact on vegetation, as this has been replaced by crops of coffee and basic grains. In the forest of conifers is the predominant species Pinus ocarpa (Ocote), which is found in the lowest parts of the reserve zone. In the highlands can be found on Pinus pseudostrobus pinabete in pure stands or regeneration and with a height of 8-20 meters. Stemadenia donnell-smithi (Capulín), y otras. Bushes are the result of the modification of the original forest cover plant, due to agricultural activities, this ecosystem is made up of secondary shrub species that appear after it has been conducted in an agricultural activity and has left the site. The species reaches usually a height of 1-4 meters, but you can find some species of trees that form the primary vegetation or remaining copies of the dominant species, or colonizing neighboring formations, such as Cecropia peltata (Guarumo), Stemadenia Donnell-smithi (Capulín), and others. Wildlife of Mico Quemado
The management plan Mico Quemado reports that within the first studies of the wildlife reserve zone, you can highlight the work done in 1930 by Stadelman, who observed and collected birds in the mountains west of the communities of Yoro and Yorito; and who also was responsible for the travel of another naturalist named Von Hagen made in 1946 to the Mountain of Pijol for Quetzales alive.
In May 2000, entomologists Ratcliffe, Ocampo and Smith, with support from the Pan American Agricultural School-El Zamorano, made collects insects in the National Park and Pico Mountain Pijol Mico Quemado. Similarly, even with the experience gained by naturalists who have visited the reserve zone in search of entomological information, it is believed that currently there is a wide gap in knowledge of this taxon. During the preparation of this management plan was a record global containing 237 species of wildlife by observing and collecting and using the registration of previous research in the area around and inside the core and buffer areas of the Reserve Zone of the Mountain of Mico Quemado. From this figure, 17% comprises the group of mammals, 65% to Birds, Reptiles 11% and 5% to the group of Amphibians, of which 2 are considered endemic, 51 species of these in Park are under special protection for biological conservation. Despite the heavy pressure on natural resources, in Montjuich Mico Quemado we can still find some form of animal life, an important resource that must be protected, it is common to see animals such as mountain Chancho (Pecari tajacu), guatuza (Dasiprocta punctata), Tigrillo (Leopardus pardalis), beak knife (Ramphastos sulfuratus) as well as the mono olingo (Alouatta palliata), white face monkey (Cebus capucinus), and yellow-headed Lora (Amazona ochrocephala ). Of these species and the ocelot olingo monkeys are endangered and hog mountain is under the category of threat. El Progreso and Mico Quemado
The municipality of El Progreso depends largely on the proper maintenance of the ecosystem of high productivity, water births and has water and underground wells supplying water to the inhabitants of the city and surrounding communities. In Mico Quemado and Las Guanchías dominated outstanding ranging from 30 to over 60%. These soils little deeper into steep slopes like those found in this area have high susceptibility to erosion and mudslides when their forest cover is removed and subjected to agricultural crops, a situation that is compounded if farming practices do not consider appropriate methodologies for soil conservation .
A sample of the consequences of changing land use from forest to agricultural crops, is experienced during the meteorological phenomena, whose heavy rains caused a large amount of material carried by the channels causing major flooding and deposits of up to 2.5 meters high in the bottom. For this situation it is considered that the ability to use these natural forest soils is. The forest cover of these soils becomes even more necessary when one considers the great potential of the 21 micro water hydrological of this area, which supply water to the entire population of the municipality of El Progreso and also for its potential eco-tourism at the regional level and national levels. The River Guaymón is formed in the Mountains of Mico Quemado and Las Guanchías, specifically in the municipality of El Negrito, in the same department. Among the major tributaries that drain it is the River Basin Guaymitas, who was born in the municipality of El Progreso. This channel has been drastically altered by a number of irrigation canals have been built on its banks, and to which it caters equally tributary of it is exploited a lot of sand, stone and gravel, which are intended to various uses. Ulúa River is the main basin of El Progreso and receives the flow of the water network that forms the Mico Quemado Mountains. Which supplies a large percentage of the total population of municipality.Las streams that are born in this mountain are: Agua Blanca South, stone, the noisy, La Guacamaya, La Mina, La Pita, Arena Blanca, Monte Cristo, Pajuiles Seca, Camalote North Tapiquilares, Guaymitas, Yoro, Agua Blanca north, Chindongo, Delicias of Jute and La Colorada. Three rivers are born in this basin: South Camalote, Hair and Guaymòn.Del total of these sources constitute 42% of permanent water courses (all year) and 58% are temporary or sources of winter. Socio problems
In the area of reserves was observed that the common problems are similar to those found in all of Honduras mainly in the inefficient management of resources, here are mentioned the problems relevant to the communities. Loss of the layer of fertile soil and landslides caused by the following causes:. Agriculture and Livestock in soils on slopes prone to erosion and inappropriate use of farming practices that further worsen the imbalance in the flow of water on and in the soil, causing more water run on the surface and drag the fertile soil.Badly designed roads, built with inappropriate techniques, and without timely maintenance, significantly disrupt the natural drainage of the soil, causing considerable erosion in the form of gullies in the gutters, and landslides on the slopes of large cuts and fills. Loss of wildlife and flora caused by the following causes: Destruction of habitat for the destruction of forests, forest fires and water pollution; Capture for pets, indiscriminate fishing and hunting and extermination without regard to the regulations legal use of forest land for agriculture and livestock by preventing the forest cover can be restored. Increase of human presence in villages, hamlets and individual houses on large tracts and even in the most remote places, and repels damaging areas and living conditions of animals. This population, which is located mainly in the top of the Mountains of Mico Quemado and Las Guanchías that make up the recharge zone of the municipal water network. These populations in an effort to improve their living conditions directly influence the high levels of deforestation to perform for the installation of traditional crops without any practice improved production, accelerating the processes of resource degradation, as well as part of the senior levels of pollution upstream of these basins. Another problem, though of lesser magnitude, the problem is caused by fires caused by high temperatures generated, although these are limited to the lower parts of the ZONANA Reserve and many cases are related to the mishandling of the burnings of plots producer . The problem this Ecological Reserve in terms of human activity, was developed in a participatory manner in which I see a wide problem .. It was found that the area there is a high use of chemicals by producers, contaminating and reducing the quality and quantity of water from the tributaries, which is increased when the coffee growers in the area do not handle properly the activities post harvest, generating an contamination by strong coffee pulp and honey water. Additionally, the agricultural burning uncontrolled traditionally used by producers in the area, become a constant threat to the resources of the reserve and its biodiversity. Approximately 90% of this reserve, has outstanding more than 20%, which means that this area is clear of forest vocation, but today, most of this province is used for agricultural activities such as coffee, basic grains, vegetables by local farmers in traditional form and livestock activities carried out by residents of the valley in time for summer grazing their cattle in the area.The valley areas are devoted to crops like: Bananas that is often damaged by the floods, cane sugar, African palm, citrus fruits, grains and intensive livestock activities. Among the communities settled in this reserve are: the Congo, San Jeronimo, La Laguna, Buena Vista, Villa Karina, Guaymitas, La 40, Delicias of Jute, the Sinai, Brisas, Agua Blanca del Norte, Brisas, Buenos Aires North Quebrada de Yoro, Brisas de La Libertad, Ojo de Agua, El Junco, Los Cocos, Santa Rita, Las Lagunetas, San Antonio, Quebrada The Romeros, The Majada, La Mina, El Jocomico, The Pate, pleasure, Robledo, The Zarrosa, El Balsamo, San Jose del Negrito and Guanchìas. In the city of El Progreso, the Ecological Foundation Mico Quemado is created to develop activities for the protection and conservation of the reserve zone. Municipal Environmental Unit also conducts some actions in this regard. For implementing the actions recommended by e Management Plan Mico Quemado needed 66 million lempiras for 5 years, which would establish zoning for the site, build and equip the infrastructure required for the protection of the reserve, recruitment, training and equipping the staff necessary for the protection and management of the area, standardize and regulate the actions of management according to the zoning, forming an organizational structure for the efficient and effective administration of the Ecological Reserve, support other programs developing proposals and monitoring of projects and actions, as well as promoting institutional partnerships to manage, diagnose and characterize resources through scientific research and socio-economic status, promote environmental education in communities, identify sites with tourism potential, engage to the communities in the development of tourism infrastructure, promote local and national tourism, so as to promote community ownership of enhancing sustainable crop * Source: Ramòn Wilberto Nuila Coto (Diario La Tribuna)
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